Theory of International Politics by Kenneth N.WALTZ Essay

Theory of International Politics by Kenneth N.WALTZ - Essay Example make some claim to being theoretically important; to construct a theory of international politics that remedies the defects of present theories† (p.1). On this basis, in Chapter 1, Waltz addresses pre-existing theory pertaining to the correlation between laws and international behaviour. Whilst he acknowledges that legal compliance and laws may provide a correlation to state behaviour and international politics, Waltz feels that is theory that explains them and to this end attempts to reconstruct classic realism through a somewhat scientific approach. On this basis, Waltz’s book seeks to go beyond the classic realist position of politics in terms of state characteristics and state interaction with each other and he argues that â€Å"the idea that international politics can be thought of as a system with a precisely defined structure is neorealism’s fundamental departure from traditional realism.† Therefore Waltz’s central theory of neorealism in international politics is underpinned by Waltz’s proposition that the system of international politics is inherently dependent on a system of anarchy. This system of anarchy according to Waltz effectively creates the international order of hierarchy, which is further defined by states who are unitary rational actors on the one hand and rational actors on the other. To this end, Waltz’s discussion of the Cold War, highlights his propensity towards viewing the international political order from a systemic perspective as opposed to considering the intentions of individual states and human behaviour, which is arguably the inherent weakness of the book in context of contemporary international politics. For example, in focusing on the international politics as a whole state system as opposed to individual state level factors, Waltz avoids assumptions about human nature and morality and power in international politics. Waltz’s neo-realist paradigm proposes that the central factor in international politics is

A Comparison of Moon River Breakfast at Tiffany's Essay

A Comparison of Moon River Breakfast at Tiffany's - Essay Example This essay focuses on ‘Breakfast at Tiffany's', that is a 1961 American film starring Audrey Hepburn and George Peppard. Also in the cast are Patricia Neal, Buddy Ebsen, Martin Balsam, and Mickey Rooney. It was directed by Blake Edwards and released by Paramount Pictures. The film is loosely based on the novella of the same name by Truman Capote. The screenplay was written by playwright and screenwriter George Axelrod, perhaps best known for his play, The Seven Year Itch. This essay not only describes the plot of a movie, it's actors and creators, but also explores the role of music in the film. The researcher compares three versions of one song, named Moon River in the essay - version sung by Andy Williams, version of Moon River sung by Audrey Hepburn and version of Moon River in the original soundtrack. The researcher then gives comparison and analysis of the recordings. Criteria that he used are the following: overall style, tempo, dynamics, instrumentation and expression of each one recording. In conclusion, the researches states that among these 3 different versions, he believes that the Williams version was the most successful. It begins at a more lively speed than the others, and the performer sings the lyrics strongly and meaningfully. He continues that way until the conclusion of the song. The artist follows the description of a satisfying finish to a song as described by Deborah Stein in a 2005 essay: ‘The strongest ending ,’ she says, ‘is the full, or authentic cadence.’

Environmental Pollution Essay Example for Free

Environmental Pollution Essay Environmental pollution is one of the biggest problems the world faces today. It is an issue that troubles us economically, physically and everyday of our lives. The contamination of the environment is also being linked to some of the diseases that are around currently. Yet, most people do not know about this problem. This shows that environmental pollution is becoming an increasingly worse problem that needs to be taken care of as soon as possible, not only for the good of the environment but also for the people that live in it. Many factors are present for why environmental pollution has become such a large issue in the world. However, if the people of the world were to address the issue it would definitely help both the environment and its people. There are many activities that can be done by both the common citizen to the governments of the world, which could severally improve the worlds environmental problem. On the other hand, if the current way the worlds environmental problem is being handled continues, catastrophic consequences can follow for the future population. Over the years, environmental pollution has become more of a problem for a number of reasons. Due to the great increase in the worlds population, which is at 6.1 billion, energy use, and the number of vehicles on roads make air pollution a greater threat than ever  (Pollution, Environmental). Because of this, air pollution kills eight thousand people a year due to respiratory related problems  (Air Pollution Kills). Also, 40% of the worlds deaths are being attributed to environmental factors  (Segelken). With such a number of people dying a year due to air pollution one can see how much the environmental pollution is affecting us. This dilemma is only made worse due to the current means of disposing nuclear waste. Until 1993, Russia would resort to the dumping of its high and low level radioactive waste by dumping it into the Arctic seas and any other low-level waste into the Seas of Japan  (Nitze). Radiation from nuclear waste is known to cause a series of reactions in body tissue that results in damage to the bodies cells  (Daley). This can cause disease, such as cancer, injury, or death. The effects on the human body make the situation even worse for the people of the world. But, an even more common threat is the use of incinerators and landfills, for the reducing and disposal of waste. Using incinerators to reduce the volume of trash not only causes air pollution but also produces  toxic ash that must be disposed of in specially made landfills. Landfills themselves can pollute groundwater after heavy rain, which would then be drunk by the surrounding population.

Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun Essay -- essays research pap

Conflict in A Raisin in the Sun 	In the play A Raisin in the Sun, the playwright Lorraine Hansberry depicts the life of an impoverished African American family living on the south side of Chicago. The Youngers, living in a small apartment and having dreams larger than the world in which the live, often use verbal abuse as a way to vent their problems. Many times, this verbal abuse leads to unnecessary conflict within the family. The most frequently depicted conflict is that between Walter and his sister Beneatha. Walter wants nothing more than to be a wealthy entrepreneur that can provide for his family, while Beneatha plans to go to medical school and become a doctor. Both characters are opposed to the others’ dreams. This opposition creates serious conflict within the Younger household, and specifically among Walter, Beneatha, and Mama. 	During the course of the play, conflicts between Beneath and her brother Walter are revealed. Walter thinks that his sister should be a mainstream woman and not have great dreams and ambitions for her life. "Who the hell told you you had to be a doctor? If you so crazy ‘bout messing ‘round with sick people - then go be a nurse like other women - or just get married an be quiet" (38). This passage shows that Walter is clearly a chauvinist, and does not believe in his sister’s desire to be a doctor. Similarly, Beneatha does not believe in Walters aspirations of becoming a rich entrepreneur, and thinks he is rather...

Are we True Muslims of Allah Essay

Today I am going to discuss whether we are true servants of Allah. Many of us say that we are Allah’s servants but do are actions really confirm it. There are three ways in which we can check if we really are the true servants of Allah. First we must know that he is our master and we are his slaves and we are entirely devoted to him. Secondly, we should only do those actions which will earn his pleasure and stay from the actions which will make him angry. Third, we must know that all our possessions belong to Allah and therefore we should us it as he has commended. Coming back to the first point that we are his slaves and he is our master we must realize that as his slaves we must always submit 100% to the will of Allah. There is a story recorded in history in which a very well mannered and understanding slave saw that his master was very worried. The slave asked his master why he was so sad. The master responded that he had a high debt but no money to pay them off. The slaves suggested that he should be sold in the market and use the money pay off the debts. The master refused because his debts were so high that even if he were to sell the slave it would not be enough to cover his debts. So the slave said to set the price at the amount of the debts and if anyone asks questions regarding the high price then to just tell them that this slave knows the rules relating to servitude and being a slave very well. So the master went to the market and was trying to sell the slave at the price that his debts were. When people saw the price of the slave they just laughed and who can really blame them. I mean who would want to buy a slave that’s really expensive when you can get one that s 10 times cheaper. After a little while a man came and asked the reason for the high selling price. To this the master responded that this slave knows the rules to servitude very well. The man decided to purchase him on the condition that if this was not true he would want a refund for the slave. Now the new master took the slave home and in order to see if this slave really knew the rules to servitude was true or not, the new master gave an order to whip this poor slave. In response to the torture, the slave did not cry or scream – nor did he even ask the reason for the beatings! After some time, the man asked the slave, Do you not feel any pain? and If you do, then why don’t you say anything. To this the slave said, I am the slave and you are the master and it is not appropriate that a slave questions his master – rather, he should agree 100% with whatever his master commands. If you grant me some blessings  then I will submit to you and if you punish me, still I will submit to you. Now although in this story the whipping is completely not justified its shows that we must all be like this poor slave. Like the slave said when he was getting whipped if you grant me blessings then I will submit to you and if you punish me I will still submit to you. For us this means that if something good happens in our life than we should thank Allah and if something bad happens to us or to those that we love then we should not blame Allah. We must accept that Allah knows best and keep on thanking him for what good he has brought in our lives and be patience with any hardship that we face. One who does not understand the secret behind being the slave of Allah would fall into the quranic verse of Sura Marij ayats 19-21 which mean Surely man is created of hasty temperament Being greatly grieved when evil afflicts him And stingy when good befalls him These ayahs basically just mean that when something good happens we thank Allah but when something bad happens we get upset at Allah. Also in the quran in sura sad ayats 82-83 shaytan is telling Allah Then by Your Might, I will certainly make them all live an evil life, except Your servants from amongst them, the ones whom You have purified (of sin).. Now if were not counted as the servants of Allah then unfortunately we are in shaytans side. And like the ayah said that the ones who are not the servants of Allah will live an evil life. The second point is that we must remember that Allah can be both angry and pleased with us. Therefore, we must always be careful to do only those acts  which will gain the pleasure of Allah and stay away from those things which will anger him. Ayatollah Khomeini used to emphasize the fact that there is no such thing as a minor sin – rather all sins are major – of course they are on different levels. However, one must keep In mind that we are displeasing and sinning against him, not that we feel that a certain sin is unimportant or small. Any kind of sin will displease Allah and therefore will displease the prophet and the imams. In a narration we read that Allah has said, Do not think that if you do 1 sin its no big deal because it may be for that 1 sin that Allah removes his protection on you. And also do not think that if you do a good dead it’s also not really a big deal because that one good dead may be the dead that makes Allah protect you. The third point to remember as part of being true servants to Allah is that we must realize everything belongs to Allah, whether it is our wealth, children, intellect or anything else. If one accepts this fact, then it is very easy for us to give our time, wealth, or anything else for the cause of Allah. As an example, if someone gives you one hundred dollars to distribute among the poor, we would see how easy it is for us to give out this wealth since the money was not ours. If we think about it whatever money we have is not really ours. rather, it is a trust that Allah has given to us that must be spent in His way how He has commanded it to be used. We must realize that everything we have is from Allah. Therefore, in conclusion, in order to be considered as true servants of Allah, we must be very careful of the three things 1. We must know and remember at all times that we are His slaves and He is our Master, and so we must submit entirely to Him. 2. We must perform only those acts which will earn His pleasure and stay from those things that will make him angry. 3. And finally we must know that whatever we have is really His property and it should be spent or used as He has commanded us.

Satire Of The Soviet Union - 1356 Words

Jacob Estes Mrs. Evans British Literature 20 January 2017 Orwell’s Animal Farm: Satire of the Soviet Union The Animal Farm book is a well-known novel that uses allegory and satire to make light of the Soviet Union during the mid-1940’s. The author George Orwell has been known for many famous and well know novels such as 1984, Animal Farm and Down and Out in Paris and London. George Orwell is the known author for these novels, but many don’t know that it was a stage name. The author’s real name was Eric Arthur Blair, Eric was a novelist, political writer and journalist. These occupations he had explains the reason his novels tend to relate and depict certain political situations, and figure in society. Eric lived from 1903 to 1950,†¦show more content†¦The characters in Animal Farm depict leaders, and people during the Cold War. There are multiple character throughout the novel, three of the most important in this story are Snowball, Squealer, and Napolà ©on. All three of these characters helped code Old Majors ideas into the Commandments of Animalism. The Commandments of Animalism are â€Å"Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy’, â€Å"Whatever goes upon four legs or has wings is a friend†, â€Å"No animal shall wear clothes†, No animal shall sleep in a bed†, No animal shall drink alcohol†, â€Å"No animal shall kill another animal†, and â€Å"all animals are equal† (Daine and Hile). These commandments are created by the three characters together although they do not all cooperate very well. The character Snowball helped is described as a young bull who is energetic and hard working. He helped create many different comities while on the farm although he was later kicked off the farm by Napoleon, who it said to be Snowball’s â€Å"nemesis†. Snowball is known for his leadership attitude and his great military strategy. Squealer is a small fat pig that is known to be the propaganda leader for the pigs on the farm. Squeal er is known to be a very smooth talker and is relatively known to be smart because he has an explanation as to whyShow MoreRelatedSatire And Its Negative Effects On The Soviet Union And The Filmmaking Process914 Words   |  4 Pagesentertaining way. Satire is the use of humor to critique serious issues. Through animated films, satire can be implemented in a much more effective way. The cartoon drawings and animations directors can greatly exaggerate elements of real life in order to satirize them to a higher degree. In the Fyodor Khitruk films Story of One Crime, and Film, Film, Film from the Masters of Russian Animation collection, animation is used to satirize both the housing crisis of the Soviet Union and the filmmakingRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm1392 Words   |  6 Pagesbrand of communism in the Soviet Union and the conscious blindness that most of the West accepted at that time. Although Orwell labeled Animal Farm as a fairy tale, this historically parallel novel b ranches into the genres of political satire, fable, and allegory as well. What made Animal Farm so controversial among the â€Å"British socialists† and Western countries was its criticism of Soviet Communism combined with the â€Å"noble and revolutionary† light that the Soviet Union shone under in its birthRead MoreThe Heart Of A Dog By Mikhail Bulgakov818 Words   |  4 Pagespolitical parable of the failings of the soviet union and the Russian Revolution. Throughout the novel it can be seen through the hints of the soviet over power, the characters, and metaphors that the novel was about the creation of the new Soviet man and a criticism of eugenics that the Soviet union s system promoted. This novel was written in 1925 at the peak of the New Economy Policy period, when communism appeared to be weakening in the Soviet Union. It had been interpreted as humorous taleRead MoreSignificance Of The Character Of Sam s Mother1219 Words   |  5 Pagesthat world. Even if they did not happen in reality. 2A)   Compare and contrast the satire of the nuclear scientist in the characters of Dr. Strangelove (Dr. Strangelove) and Felix Hoeniker (Cat s Cradle) 800 Words The film Dr Strangelove is a political satire as well as a black comedy that satirizes the Cold War and the fears of people at this time where it concerned nuclear conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States. While the novel Cat s Cradle explores issues of science, technologyRead MoreAllegory Animal Farm Analysis773 Words   |  4 Pagesgoverned. Orwell wrote Animal Farm to be a satire to the Russian Revolution. The oldest, wisest pig on the farm, Old Major, has a dream of a rebellion against the humans. He tells the idea to his fellow comrades and starts an uprise with the animals. Once Old Major died, the animals became tired of the farmer, Mr. Jones, knot feeding them and they ran Mr. Jones and his men out of the farm. The novel Animal Farm is an allegory of the Russian Revolution, The Soviet union, and Communism. The allegory of theRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm921 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout time authors and books have been the cause of controversy over topics such as life or government. When George Orwell wrote his book Animal Farm, it sparked lots of controversy over government. The book was written as a satire to mock the communist regime that was installed after the Russian Revolution. The book does not directly say it is about the revolution but is almost the same tale. George Orwell used subtle ways such as symbolism and anthropomorphism to represent history in a differentRead MoreMedia And Its Impact On Society1280 Words   |  6 Pagesfour Academy Awards and won four out of seven BAFTA awards including the award for Best British Film and Best British Art Direction. It was also chosen for preservation by the National Film Registry in 1989. It was an early, although not the first, satire of 1950s, 60s American ideologies, (most notably the Liberal Consensus) and society’s preoccupation with the nuclear scare. Before we dive into Kubrick’s strategies in depicting these fears, it is important to understand what was happening duringRead MoreThe Heart Of A Dog By Mikhail Bulgakov1171 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Soviet Union. The novel has been interpreted as humorous tale and as an allegory of the communist revolution. The reader could view it as an absurd comical novel; or it could be read as a political parable of the failings of the soviet union and the Russian Revolution. Throughout the novel it can be seen through the historical hint in the novel, the characters, and the metaphors that the novel uses to indicate the failing of the creation of the  ¨new Soviet man. ¨ The Soviet Union prohibitedRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Black Middle Class 931 Words   |  4 Pagesended up hating his duties in Burma, as he was required to enforce strict laws of a political regime he despised. ïÆ'Ëœ As an opponent of totalitarianism, he also served in the Loyalist forces in the Spanish civil war. ïÆ'Ëœ In Spain, Germany and the Soviet Union, Orwell has witnessed the danger of absolute political authority in an age of advanced technology. ïÆ'Ëœ 1984 is of negative utopian or dystopian genre. ïÆ'Ëœ In 1949, at the dawn of the nuclear age and before the television had become a fixture in theRead More Harrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut Essays583 Words   |  3 PagesHarrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut â€Å"The story is a satire, a parody of an ideological society divorced from common sense reality† (Townsend). As Townsend stated Kurt Vonnegut makes a satire about society in his fictional short story Harrison Bergeron, which in their society there has been attempt of conformity through the handicaps of the people, the similarity to an authoritarian government, and the technology, whereas the people will eventually overcome. The Kind if government authority

Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein - 1421 Words

The classic works of Emily Bronte and Mary Shelley are both classified as gothic era fiction novels. Before reading them, the two novels seem to be polar opposites. While there are many differences, there are also a handful of similarities throughout both novels. Bronte and Shelley both use setting, revenge, and the role of women to highlight gothic elements of the era. The setting in both novels brings a deeper meaning to the scene. The authors use weather to create tones for the scenes. For example, storms can create a sense of anger or confusion, whereas sunlight may generate a sense of happiness. Both novels are set in a cold, dreary time, adding to the theme of isolation throughout each. In Frankenstein, the reader is first†¦show more content†¦The theme of revenge plays a big role in both novels. In Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff seeks revenge because of other’s actions against him. However, in Frankenstein, the monster seeks revenge because of the way he looks and how others perceive him. While the characters in both novels seek revenge for different reasons, they have one thing in common. Their need for revenge ultimately stems from not being able to have what they want, leaving them alone and isolated. Revenge is one of the most prominent themes in Wuthering Heights. At times throughout the novel, it seems to overpower the theme of love. Heathcliff’s desire for revenge arises from Catherine’s betrayal. He has been in love with her for a long time, and she loves him. However, she betrays him and marries Edgar for his money. This action leaves Heathcliff alone and isolated, only to long for her love again. I seek no revenge on you, that s not the plan. The tyrant grinds down his slaves and they don t turn against him; they crush those beneath them (Bronte, p. 103). This quote shows that Heathcliff is not trying to get revenge on Catherine. Although she turned against him, he cannot do the same to her. â€Å"I m trying to settle how I shall pay Hindley back. I don t care how long I wait, if I can only do it at last. I hope he will not die before I do!† (Bronte p. 54). When he cannot have the woman he loves, he turns his attention to revenging Hindley, his childhoodShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the early 1800s Mary Shelley set pen to a paper and started to develop a novel that little to her knowledge would become world renowned. In 1818 she finished and published the novel to sell to the European public. The novel caught the world off guard in the way that a female was able to write about such harsh, dark, and evil things in a European society whose autho rs like John Locke and Charles Montesquieu preached enlightenment, self exploration, and individualism all in an optimistic enablingRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1615 Words   |  7 Pagesa whole and how accurate a depiction they might think it to be, they will miss out on many of the qualities of the painting that reside below the immediately apparent surface level. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a text dedicated to expounding upon the dangers of such superficial analysis. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley openly condemns the surface level and appearance oriented methodology under which the human mind operates. The very protagonist of the novel is inspired solely by reputation and howRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1758 Words   |  8 PagesFrankenstein was published over 200 years ago. Ever since it was published, it has been one of the most famous books known to literature. History.com Staff states that this book, by 21-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, is frequently called the world’s first science fiction novel (History.com Staff). According to Wikipedia, Shelley was an English novelist. She was born August 30th, 1797. She died on February 1st, 1951 (Wikipedia). Shelley came up with the idea of Frankenstein as she andRead MoreBiblical Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1376 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature 16 November 2015 Biblical Analysis: Frankenstein Frankenstein by Mary Shelley often refers to the bible on a number of occasions. However, it is worth noting that many references used by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein can often be identified in Genesis. Much like Genesis, the story of Frankenstein is a viable creation story. The book of Genesis first explains the creation of man and woman, and also recounts the fall of humanity. Unlike Genesis, Frankenstein begins with the fall of humanityRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And Frankenstein1410 Words   |  6 Pagescompassion and sympathy through the love of a person whom cares very deeply about them. In Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, the three main characters Robert Walton, Victor Frankenstein and Frankenstein (The Monster) are shown throughout the story, longing and in search for a companion. Throughout the story, the characters struggle with the battle of wanting either sympathy or compassion from a person or both. Mary Shelley shows the true indication of Human Nature by showing the importance of sympathy andRead MoreAnalysis of Mary Shelley ´s Frankenstein991 Words   |  4 Pagesalive. If it can learn, eventually speak, or came about because of another, it’s a person. The Creature of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is no exception. Victor’s creation needs nourishment, education, and morals, which should be provided by it’s creator, it’s parent, just like any other child. The way that needs of an individual are met shapes the outcome of their life. In her novel, Shelley demonstrates this impact that parents have on their child’s life through the contrasting upbringing of VictorRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1701 Words   |  7 Pages Frankenstein is a novel that is practically devoid of any female presence, yet author Mary Shelley pens a story that is lush with portrayals of feminine ideology. Throughout the course of this novel, the audience is introduced to three different female characters. The first is Elizabeth Lavenza— Victor Frankenstein’s wife. She is presented as a passive and weak woman who embodies the traditional role of women in the 19th century. Caroline Beaufort is present in the novel, but her role is limitedRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1038 Words   |  5 PagesAlexi Torres English III Dr. W.W. Allman December 1, 2015 Frankenstein In Mary Shelley’s, Frankenstein, she shows that good people can turn evil, but are not born this way. Humans being rude and isolating someone can make a person go insane and do things they are not proud of. Shelley shows this through the creature that Frankenstein creates and gives examples showing his evilness, but also shows that the creature tries to explain many times that he wants a friend and cannot find one becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1088 Words   |  5 PagesCreature’s Argument In the novel, Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, the Creature s only need is for a female companion, which he asks Victor Frankenstein his maker to create. Shelley shows the argument between the creature and Frankenstein. The creature says: I demand a creature of another sex, but as hideous as myself (Shelley 139). Shelley shows what the creature wants from Frankenstein and what his needs are. Shelley gives us an idea of the sympathy that Frankenstein might feel for the creature evenRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 843 Words   |  4 PagesThe Wretch Frankenstein is a novel written by English author Mary Shelley about a peculiar scientist named Victor Frankenstein. Victor, who is a scientist endeavoring to make history, engenders a monstrous but attentive creature in an eccentric scientific experiment. The monster that he engenders faces abnegation and fear from his creator and society. The monster is the worst kind of scientific experiment gone awry. The creature has compassion for society but additionally wants to take revenge on